Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine

Japanese Encephalitis is a potentially severe viral brain infection spread by mosquitoes, found in parts of Asia and the Pacific. The mosquitoes that transmit JE are most active at night, especially in rural areas with rice fields and pig farming, but they can also be present in urban areas. 

For most travellers, the risk of JE is very low, particularly for short stays in cities. However, the risk increases for those spending extended time in rural areas during transmission seasons or engaging in outdoor activities like camping or fieldwork. 

Many infections show no symptoms, but severe cases can cause fever, headache, confusion, and may lead to death or long-term neurological damage. 

Prevention 

Preventing mosquito bites is essential, especially at night. Use insect repellent, wear protective clothing, and sleep under a mosquito net. 

Vaccination 

The JE vaccine (IXIARO®) is recommended for those staying in rural high-risk areas for extended periods or participating in activities that increase exposure.

• Course: 2 doses.
• Schedule: Doses 28 days apart, completing the course at least 1 week before potential exposure.
• Protection and boosters: A first booster is generally advised 12–24 months after the initial course if you will be exposed again, or at 12 months for ongoing risk. Subsequent booster timing depends on age; many adults aged 18–64 can wait 10 years after their first booster.